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Mat.
17:24-27
This
was a levy, demanded by the Law (Ex. 3 0:11 - 16) for maintenance of the
tabernacle, or, in this case, the Temple. It was one half shekel per man per man
over 20 (which shows that Jesus and Peter were both over 20).
v.24
The literal Greek reads: "And they having come to Capernaum, those who
received the DIDRACHMAS came to Peter and said : Your teacher does he not pay
the DIDRACHMAS?".
Jesus
told Peter to go fishing. Peter caught a fish and did as he was instructed.
(This would have taken quite a bit of obedience, for an experienced fisherman to
go to the sea to catch ONE fish, at the instruction of a "carpenter".)
Jesus told Peter to open the mouth of the fish - not cut it open : ". .
.and having opened its mouth you shall find a STATER”.
take
it and pay the tax for Me and for you."
The
collectors of the money asked if Jesus did not pay the Temple tax? It
seems the Jewish leaders were seeking yet another angle of criticism, trying to
find fault with Jesus. They had no quarrel with Peter.
Why,
we might ask, did Jesus need to pay a tax to maintain His Father's house? He,
Jesus, was already the owner of the Temple, and of the City it stood in,
and the land of Palestine, and the world, the solar system, the universe. What
an absurdity, that the Creator should pay sinful men a tax for a building!
nevertheless, as an act of humility and obedience, Jesus kept the Law, and more
besides, paying for himself and Peter as well. The Son lived out what he taught
- Mat.5:38 - 42.
Ungers
Bible Dictionary says "The STATER here must mean a silver TETRADRACHM, and
the only tetradrachms then current in Palestine were the same weight as the
Hebrew shekel." This shows the minute accuracy of Matthew, the writer of
the account, who wrote from an eye-witness point of view.
At
the period in which this miracle happened, the silver currency in Palestine
consisted of Greek imperial tetradrachms, or staters, and Roman denarii which
were a quarter of their value, didrachms having fallen into disuse. So the
tribute collectors used the common name for the Temple tax, the "DIDRACHM"
and Jesus used the common name for it, the "STATER". The wonderful
thing is, the STATER which Peter pulled from the mouth of the fish was exactly
the value of 2 half-shekels, which was precisely the right amount to pay the tax
for two men.
v.25
Peter assumed that Jesus did pay the tribute, but he was wrong.
Jesus asked him a question. Who should pay the tax - the children of the king,
or the strangers? The strangers of course. What kind of king would he be who
charged his own children a tax for the use of what he owned? That would not be
right, or fair. Should Jesus pay a tax for a building which his Father owned?
No. The children should be free.
"Notwithstanding,
lest we should offend them ..." Jesus is prepared to go along with the
system, despite the injustice of it. I think here we have an insight into what
Jesus thought of the Jewish leaders. They were like a foreign king, charging tax
from his own children.- - and in this case actually demanding a tax from the
very Son of the King.
The
Law demanded the levy (tax) as "an atonement". It was an
"offering for their souls" from every Israelite over 20 years, all of
Israel's men, without exception, rich and poor. Jesus, of course, didn't need to
offer any atonement money for himself, just as he also didn't need to be
baptised. He also didn't need to celebrate the Passover, since he was the Lamb
of God, and he didn't need to die on the cross, because he was innocent. But he
kept the ordinances, and then fulfilled and finished them for ever.
Peter,
however, needed to pay the Temple tax, because he was a sinner, and in need of
atonement.
The
miracle of the fish with the coin:
1.
Peter obeyed, and took "a hook", and went fishing. He may not have
even baited it. He left his nets behind. As an experienced fisherman, he might
have considered the chances of catching just one fish, which would have a coin,
in its mouth - not its stomach. The coin had to be the correct amount too.
2.
In Peter's day there were other coins circulating : Drams, Farthings, Mites,
Denarions, Staters, Shekels and other currencies, made of different metals and
having many different values. The odds of catching anything with a coin
in its mouth were astronomical. (How often have you heard of a fish, or
even any animal, being caught with a coin in its mouth? Out of all the billions
of fish dragged on to ships, has there ever been a single case of one being
found with a coin in its mouth?)
3. The miracle shows us that God is able to supply all our needs. He can use any channel, or method he likes. He is not interested in our views on the subject. He may in fact tell us to do something which may challenge our self-esteem. He may ask us to go fishing.